See bōn on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "boen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "boen"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*bōn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeh₂-",
"id": "shine"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōnaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰeh₂-nó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-nó-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeh₂-",
"t": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*bānos",
"3": "",
"4": "white"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *bānos (“white”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bōnaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-nó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *bānos (“white”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnanā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnumē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnumē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*bōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bōn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bōnijan"
},
{
"word": "bōnōn"
},
{
"word": "bōnu"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pretty, shining"
],
"id": "en-bōn-gmw-pro-adj-ij8Pi487",
"links": [
[
"pretty",
"pretty"
],
[
"shining",
"shining"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "bōn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "de",
"3": "Bahn"
},
"expansion": "German Bahn",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Bahn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bǭn",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "liv-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭn",
"links": [
[
"bǭn",
"bōn#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõd",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõd",
"bōnõd#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭn",
"links": [
[
"bǭn",
"bōn#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõd",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõd",
"bōnõd#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõ",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõ",
"bōnõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnidi",
"links": [
[
"bǭnidi",
"bōnidi#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõn",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõn",
"bōnõn#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõdõn",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõdõn",
"bōnõdõn#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõks",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõks",
"bōnõks#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõdõks",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõdõks",
"bōnõdõks#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõ",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõ",
"bōnõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭniž",
"links": [
[
"bǭniž",
"bōniž#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnsõ",
"links": [
[
"bǭnsõ",
"bōnsõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnis",
"links": [
[
"bǭnis",
"bōnis#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnstõ",
"links": [
[
"bǭnstõ",
"bōnstõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnist",
"links": [
[
"bǭnist",
"bōnist#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "noun",
"head": "bǭn"
},
"expansion": "bǭn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "125",
"2": "bǭn"
},
"name": "liv-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Livonian",
"lang_code": "liv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Livonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"train (vehicle)"
],
"id": "en-bōn-liv-noun-KAAdGycd",
"links": [
[
"train",
"train"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "raņg"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɒːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɒːn]"
}
],
"word": "bōn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "de",
"3": "Bahn"
},
"expansion": "German Bahn",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Bahn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bǭn",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "liv-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭn",
"links": [
[
"bǭn",
"bōn#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõd",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõd",
"bōnõd#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭn",
"links": [
[
"bǭn",
"bōn#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõd",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõd",
"bōnõd#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõ",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõ",
"bōnõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnidi",
"links": [
[
"bǭnidi",
"bōnidi#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõn",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõn",
"bōnõn#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõdõn",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõdõn",
"bōnõdõn#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõks",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõks",
"bōnõks#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõdõks",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõdõks",
"bōnõdõks#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnõ",
"links": [
[
"bǭnõ",
"bōnõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭniž",
"links": [
[
"bǭniž",
"bōniž#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnsõ",
"links": [
[
"bǭnsõ",
"bōnsõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnis",
"links": [
[
"bǭnis",
"bōnis#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnstõ",
"links": [
[
"bǭnstõ",
"bōnstõ#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bǭnist",
"links": [
[
"bǭnist",
"bōnist#Livonian"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "noun",
"head": "bǭn"
},
"expansion": "bǭn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "125",
"2": "bǭn"
},
"name": "liv-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Livonian",
"lang_code": "liv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Livonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Livonian lemmas",
"Livonian nouns",
"Livonian terms borrowed from German",
"Livonian terms derived from German",
"Livonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"train (vehicle)"
],
"links": [
[
"train",
"train"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "raņg"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɒːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɒːn]"
}
],
"word": "bōn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bōnijan"
},
{
"word": "bōnōn"
},
{
"word": "bōnu"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "boen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "boen"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "*bōn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeh₂-",
"id": "shine"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōnaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰeh₂-nó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-nó-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeh₂-",
"t": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*bānos",
"3": "",
"4": "white"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *bānos (“white”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bōnaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-nó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *bānos (“white”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnanā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnumē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnumē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōneʀō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnēm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bōnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*bōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bōn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- (shine)",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"pretty, shining"
],
"links": [
[
"pretty",
"pretty"
],
[
"shining",
"shining"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "bōn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bōn meaning in All languages combined (8.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.